On This Day And In Previous Years (Brief Events In History)

[Captain WH Rollins]

30th July 1908 - Around the World Automobile Race ends in Paris

30th July 1930 - 1st FIFA World Cup Final, Estadio Centenario, Montevideo, Uruguay: Uruguay beats Argentina, 4-2 in the inaugural event

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Captain WH Rollins

 

[Captain WH Rollins]

31st July 1620 - the Pilgrim Fathers depart Leiden, Netherlands for England on their way to America

31st July 1879 - the first cable connection between South Africa and Europe is laid by the British electrical engineer Charles Tilston Bright as part of his project to link the British Empire with growing telecommunications technologies

31st July 1917 - the World War I: Battle of Passchendaele (Third Battle of Ypres) begins, goes on to cause approximately 500,000 casualties

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Captain WH Rollins

 

[Captain WH Rollins]

1st August 1485 - Henry Tudor's army sails to England (future Henry VII)

1st August 1732 - the foundations are laid for Bank of England

1st August 1834 - slavery abolished throughout the British Empire - Slavery Abolition Act 1833 comes into effect

1st August 1883 - the inland postal service begins in Great Britain

1st August 1927 - the earliest date for a film to be considered for the Academy Awards

1st August 1934 - the 2nd Venice Film Festival opens

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Captain WH Rollins

 

[Captain WH Rollins]

2nd August 1776 - the formal signing of the US Declaration of Independence by 56 people

2nd August 1858 - the Government of India transferred from East India Company to the British Crown

2nd August 1880 - the British Parliament officially adopts Greenwich Mean Time (GMT)

2nd August 1894 - death duties first introduced in Britain

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Captain WH Rollins

 

[Captain WH Rollins]

3rd August 1492 - Christopher Columbus sets sail on his first voyage with three ships, Santa María, Pinta and Niña from Palos de la Frontera, Spain for the "Indies"

3rd August 1914 - Germany invades Belgium and declares war on France, beginning World War I

3rd August 1934 - Adolf Hitler merges the offices of German Chancellor and President, declaring himself "Führer"

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Captain WH Rollins

 

[Captain WH Rollins]

4th August 1870 - the British Red Cross Society is formed

4th August 1914 - Germany declares war on Belgium; Britain declares war on Germany WW1

4th August 1916 - the Turks attack the British line at Romani in the northern Sinai WWI

4th August 1934 - the 2nd British Empire Games open at London's White City Stadium

4th Augist 1944 - Anne Frank arrested in Amsterdam by German Security Police following a tip-off from an informer who was never identified

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Captain WH Rollins

 

[Captain WH Rollins]

5th ugust 910 - the last major Viking army to raid England is defeated at the Battle of Tettenhall by the allied forces of Mercia and Wessex, led by King Edward and Earl Aethelred

5th August 1100 - Henry I is crowned King of England in Westminster Abbey

5th August 1305 - William Wallace, who led Scottish resistance to England, is captured by the English near Glasgow and transported to London for trial and execution.

5th August 1583 - Humphrey Gilbert claims Newfoundland for the British crown - first English colony in North America and the beginning of the British Empire

5th August 1864 - the Battle of Mobile Bay, won by the Union Army led by Rear Admiral Farragut

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Captain WH Rollins

 

[Captain WH Rollins]

6th August 1890 - at Auburn Prison in New York, murderer William Kemmler became the first person to be executed by electric chair

6th August 1926 - Warner Bros premiered Vitaphone sound-on-disc movie system

6th August 1945 - Atomic bomb dropped on Hiroshima by the US B-29 Superfortress "Enola Gay"

6th Augist 1965 - US President Lyndon B. Johnson signed the Voting Rights Act prohibiting voting discrimination against minorities

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Captain WH Rollins

 

[Captain WH Rollins]

7th August 1485 - Henry Tudor's (Henry VII) army lands in Milford Haven, South Wales

7th August 1942 - 1st American offensive in Pacific in WW2, Guadalcanal, Solomon Island

7th August 1955 - Tokyo Telecommunications Engineering, the precursor to Sony, begins selling its first transistor radios in Japan

7th August 1976 - Scientists in Pasadena, California, announce Viking I found strongest indications to date of possible life on Mars

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Captain WH Rollins

 

[Captain WH Rollins]

8th August 1549 - Henry II of France declares war on England and orders the siege of Boulogne

8th August 1609 - the Venetian senate examines Galileo Galilei's telescope

8th August 1786 - US Congress unanimously chooses the dollar as the monetary unit for the USA

8th August 1918 - World War I: The Allies launch the Hundred Days Offensive, beginning with the Battle of Amiens where 500 tanks and 10 Allied divisions attacked German lines

8th August 1942 - "Monty" appointed commander of British 8th Army at Alamein

8th Augut 1963 - the Great Train Robbery in England, £2.6 million ($7.3 million)

8th August 1974 - US President Richard Nixon announces he will resign at 12pm the next day

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Captain WH Rollins

 

[Captain WH Rollins]

9th August 1790 - Robert Gray's Columbia Rediviva returns to Boston after 3 year journey, 1st American ship to circumnavigate the Globe

9th August 1898 - Rudolf Diesel of Germany obtains patent #608,845 for his internal combustion engine, later known as the diesel engine

9th August 1930 - Betty Boop debuts in Max Fleischer's animated cartoon Dizzy Dishes

9th August 1945 - US drops 2nd atomic bomb "Fat Man" on Japan destroys part of Nagasaki

9th August 1974 - Richard Nixon resigns as President of the United States and Vice President Gerald Ford swears the oath of office to take his place as the 38th US President

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Captain WH Rollins

 

[Captain WH Rollins]

10th August 1675 - King Charles II and John Flamsteed lay the foundation stone of the Royal Observatory in Greenwich, London

10th August 1846 - US Act of Congress passes establishing the Smithsonian Institution, now world's largest museum and research complex

10th August 1897 - Automobile Club of Great Britain established (now: Royal Automobile Club)

10th August 1950 - "Sunset Boulevard", American film noir directed by Billy Wilder and starring William Holden and Gloria Swanson, premieres at Radio City Music Hall in NYC

10th August 1960 - Los Angeles premiere of Alfred Hitchcock's "Psycho" starring Anthony Perkins and Janet Leigh

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Captain WH Rollins

 

[Captain WH Rollins]

11th August 1835 - George B Airy begins 46-year reign as England's Astronomer Royal

11th August 1908 - King Edward VII of Britain meets with Emperor Wilhelm of Friedrichshof, Germany; the main point of contention is the increasing size of Germany's navy

11th August 1929 - Babe Ruth becomes 1st professional baseball player to hit 500 homers (off Willis Hudlin of Cleveland Indians)

11th August 1945 - Allies refuse Japan's offer to surrender on the condition that Emperor Hirohito retains his status

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Captain WH Rollins

 

[Captain WH Rollins]

12th August 1588 - Commander of the English fleet Lord Howard of Effingham calls off chase of the Spanish Armada off coast of Scotland

12th August 1927 - "Wings", one of only two silent films - the other being The Artist in 2011 - to win an Oscar for best picture, opens starring Clara Bow (Outstanding Picture 1929)

12th August 1851 - American inventor Isaac Singer patents the sewing machine

12th August 1908 - Henry Ford's company builds the first Model T car

12th Augst 1981 - IBM introduces its first Personal Computer (PC & PC-DOS version 1.0)

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Captain WH Rollins

 

[Captain WH Rollins]

13th August 1415 - King Henry V of England army lands on mouth of Seine River

13th August 1642 - Dutch astronomer Christiaan Huygens discovers Martian south polar cap

13th August 1913 - Invention of stainless steel by Harry Brearley, Sheffield, England

13th August 1937 - Second Sino-Japanese War: Japanese forces begin the Battle of Shanghai, a conflict that will last 3 months and involve 1 million troops

13th August 1942 - The 'Manhattan Project' commences, under the direction of US General Leslie Groves: its aim - to deliver an atomic bomb

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Captain WH Rollins

 

[Captain WH Rollins]

14th August 1762 - the English fleet occupies Havana

14th August 1765 - Massachusetts colonists challenge British rule by an Elm (Liberty Tree)

14th August 1813 - British warship Pelican attacks & captures US war brigantine Argus

14th August 1894 - Sir Oliver Joseph Lodge demonstrates wireless telegraphy (radio) using Morse code at a meeting of the British Association for the Advancement of Science at Oxford University

14th August 1945 - V-J Day, Japan surrenders unconditionally to end WW II

14th August 1947 - Pakistan gains independence from Great Britain

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Captain WH Rollins

 

[Captain WH Rollins]

15th August 1548 - Mary Queen of Scotland arrives in France, aged 6

15th August 1620 - Mayflower sets sail from Southampton, England, with 102 Pilgrims

15th August 1900 - the Boxer Rebellion: In China, the Empress, her family and court retainers flee while foreign troops move through Peking in an attempt to quell the rebellion

15th August 1901 - Great Britain issues a proclamation calling on the Boers to surrender by 15 September or face banishment and confiscation of their property

15th August 1939 "The Wizard of Oz", American musical fantasy film directed by Victor Fleming and King Vidor, premieres at Grauman's Chinese Theatre, Hollywood

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Captain WH Rollins

 

[Captain WH Rollins]

16th August 1777 - American militiamen defeat British forces at the Battle of Bennington near Vermont, during the American Revolutionary War

16th August 1780 - British decisively defeat Americans in Battle of Camden, South Carolina

16th August 1819 - Peterloo Massacre, Manchester, England: cavalry charges demonstrators, 15 people killed and 400–700 injured

16th August 1896 - Gold first discovered in Klondike, found at Bonanza Creek, Alaska by George Carmack

16th August 1930 - The first color sound cartoon "Fiddlesticks" by Ub Iwerks (ex Walt Disney studio) is released

16th August 1930 - 1st British Empire Games open in Hamilton, Canada

16th August 1960 - Britain grants independence to crown colony of Cyprus

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Captain WH Rollins

 

[Captain WH Rollins]

17th August 1836 - British parliament accepts registration of births, marriages and deaths

17th August 1836 - Charles Darwin leaves South America for the last time on HMS Beagle

17th August 1903 - Joe Pulitzer donates $1 million to Columbia University & begins the Pulitzer Prizes in America

17th August 1943 - 498 British bombers attack Peenemunde (development base for the V weapons)

17th August 1945 - Korea is divided into North and South Korea along the 38th parallel

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Captain WH Rollins

 

[Captain WH Rollins]

18th August 1612 - Pendle Witch trial begins with 10 people acussed of witchcraft in Lancaster, England, key witness 9 year-old boy

18th August 1914 - US President Woodrow Wilson issues "Proclamation of Neutrality"

18th August 1926 - Weather map televised for 1st time

18th August 1932 - Englishman James Mollisson is 1st to fly east to west over Atlantic

18th August 1940 - Battle of Britain 'The hardest day" Luftwaffe lose 69 aircraft, RAF 68 in largest ever air battle

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Captain WH Rollins